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酒泉市(肃北蒙古族自治县、瓜州县、金塔县、肃州区、玉门市、阿克塞哈萨克族自治县、敦煌市)

  转自:北京商报

  农信社改革不断提速,在省级农商行成立的同时,地市级农商行也不断涌现。4月16日,北京商报记者获悉,当日,自贡农商行、富顺农商行、荣县农商行召开临时股东大会,审议自贡农商行吸收合并富顺农商行、荣县农商行,成立自贡市级统一法人农商行等议案,后续或将推进实施。不久前,资阳市也传出组建市级农商行的消息。除四川外,新疆、安徽、云南、广西、湖南等地也在有序推进筹建地市级农商行。

  在分析人士看来,适度地通过兼并重组的手段来组建地市级农商行,可以在一定程度上整合和优化现有的资源,在形成一定的规模效应的同时,进一步优化基层法人的股权和治理结构,化解和处置存量风险,同时与省级农商行改革相呼应,以构建更加完善和高效的地方金融服务网络,服务当地经济和社会发展需求。

  又有两家县级机构将被合并

  延期6天后,4月16日,四川省自贡市三家农商行临时股东大会召开。北京商报记者获悉,自贡农商行、富顺农商行、荣县农商行分别在自贡市、富顺县、荣县召开2025年第一次临时股东大会,审议自贡农商行吸收合并富顺农商行、荣县农商行,成立自贡市级统一法人农商行等议案。

  “临时股东大会延期到今日早上召开,之前已经发布了补充通知,审议吸收富顺农商行、荣县农商行两家银行。”自贡农商行相关负责人说道。

  据了解,三家银行原定于4月10日召开临时股东大会,但随后均发布补充公告宣布延期至4月16日。对于审议情况及后续进展,富顺农商行相关负责人透露,“临时股东大会审议了自贡农商行吸收合并我行的议案,通过后,后续还需要监管批复”。

  荣县农商行相关负责人则表示,具体审议结果后续会发布公告,若合并,后面还有一系列的流程,需经过监管部门批准,合并之后,银行名称可能会改变,但不会影响储户办理业务。

  根据金融监管总局披露的信息,自贡市仅有自贡农商行、富顺农商行、荣县农商行三家本地农商行,其中,自贡农商行、富顺农商行均在2017年完成改制开业,荣县农商行成立则较晚,于2023年11月宣布开业,开业后前身荣县农村信用合作联社自行终止。

  产业经济资深研究人士王剑辉认为,推动市级农商行组建能够化解和处置部分地方银行的存量风险或薄弱问题,同时利用规模优势,为客户提供更加丰富的产品和服务,并通过技术升级和流程优化提高运营效率。此外,市级农商行的成立也是为了与省级农商行改革相呼应,以构建更加完善和高效的地方金融服务网络,更好地服务当地经济和社会发展需求。

  地市级农商行规模效应显现

  近年来,四川农信系统改革不断,根据四川金融监管局此前发布的2024年数据,四川省市级农商行改革加快推进,随着南充、达州改革顺利完成,包括成都在内,四川已有11个市(州)成立市级统一法人农商行。

  今年以来,四川省内多地继续推动市级同一法人农商行改革工作。不久前,资阳农商行也发布公告称,拟于4月25日召开临时股东大会,审议吸收合并安岳农商行、乐至农商行,成立资阳市市级统一法人农商行等议案。除自贡市、资阳市外,广元市已于2月底召开组建市级统一法人改革农商行工作启动会议,遂宁市也计划推动组建市级统一法人农商行。随着后续工作的推进,届时,四川完成市级农商行改革的机构有望增至15家。

  据了解,四川全省农商行统一由四川省农村信用社联合社管理,2024年1月,四川农商联合银行开业,承继后者对全省农商行的管理职能,推进形成“省投市、市投县”的股权治理结构,即省农商联合银行参股各地市农商行,地市农商行入股当地县级农商行。

  根据四川农商联合银行官网信息,全省共有21家市级农商行(办事处)、149家县级农商行(支行)、近5000家营业网点、1.1万个农村金融综合服务站,网点数量占全省银行业的35%。

  “在联合银行模式下,如果县域经济规模偏小,基层法人经营能力有限,而且存量风险积累难以靠自身发展来化解的话,简单地保留原有县域法人,并不能从根本上解决农村金融机构可持续发展的问题,即便在联合银行组建过程中,由地方政府发行专项债进行注资,也只能达到输血救助的效果。”上海金融与发展实验室主任曾刚认为,因此,在省联社改革的过程中,适度地通过兼并重组的手段来组建地市级农商行,可以在一定程度上整合和优化现有的资源,在形成一定的规模效应的同时,可以进一步优化基层法人的股权和治理结构,化解和处置存量风险,夯实其稳健发展的基础。

  仍需强化风险管理和公司治理

  除四川外,新疆、安徽、云南、广西、湖南等地也通过吸收合并或新设合并方式有序推进筹建地市级统一法人农商行。

  例如,去年12月,由喀什地区11家农信社和1家农商行以新设合并方式组建的喀什农商行揭牌开业,标志着新疆南疆四地州以地州为单位组建统一法人农商行工作完成,此前已有阿克苏塔里木农商行、克州农商行、和田农商行相继揭牌开业。同一时期,安徽濉溪农商行正式并入淮北农商行,意味着安徽地市级统一法人农商行改革“第一单”顺利落地。另据广西来宾市人民政府消息,该市2025年重点工作包括推进组建市级统一法人农商行改革试点。

  “地级市农商行的组建并非全国铺开,更多是各地根据自身经济、金融的发展情况来选择。”曾刚表示,合并后的地级市农商行能够利用规模优势,提升金融服务的效率和质量,更好地满足地方经济和社会发展的需求,同时可以增强农商行的资本实力和风险抵御能力,提高金融机构的稳健性,促进金融创新和产品多样化。

  不过,由于规模更大、县域法人更为复杂,地级市农商行组建过程中也需要进一步强化风险管理和公司治理能力。资深金融监管政策专家周毅钦指出,地级市农商行组建过程中需处理好风险资产处置、公司治理机制整合、客户服务衔接等问题,以吸收合并方式设立的地级市农商行为例,被合并的县域农商行往往历史包袱较大,需要通过清产核资、资产置换或政府专项债注资等方式化解。不同机构原有的管理模式、企业文化、业务流程存在差异,合并后需统一公司治理、内控机制、风控标准、科技系统、操作流程等,这都需要一些时间进行消化。此外,合并后对于原有客户如何进行安抚和承接,网点是否可能缩减,导致县域金融服务弱化,这些问题都需要机构在整合后能够抓紧时间进行优化处理。

  随着农信系统改革的不断推进,相关机构数量也在不断减少。截至2024年末,我国共有3811家银行机构,较2023年减少193家,减少数量创近三年来新高,其中,农商行一年内减少44家至1563家,农信社一年内减少41家至458家。

  王剑辉认为,未来农商行发展不仅要注重技术创新和服务质量的提升,还需要建立健全的合作机制,县级、市级、省级机构应形成良性互动,在保持各自特色的基础上形成互补,避免重复建设和资源浪费。

  北京商报记者 李海颜

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