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  中新社北京4月25日电中国官方25日通报,四川省人大常委会原党组成员、副主任宋朝华涉嫌严重违纪违法,目前正接受中央纪委国家监委纪律审查和监察调查。

  公开资料显示,宋朝华,1962年5月生,四川邛崃人。他曾在四川工作多年,先后任四川省眉山市委副书记、市长,南充市委书记等职。2021年,宋朝华出任四川省人大常委会副主任、党组成员,2025年1月卸任。

  目前,中央第十二巡视组正在四川省巡视。根据此前发布信息,中央巡视组主要受理反映四川省省级领导班子及其成员、下一级党组织领导班子主要负责人和重点岗位领导干部问题的来信来电来访,重点是关于违反政治纪律、组织纪律、廉洁纪律、群众纪律、工作纪律、生活纪律等方面的举报和反映。(完)

  昆明4月25日电(陈晨柴树飞)25日,昆明市五华区召开2025年第七届蓝花楹文化旅游季新闻发布会。本届活动以“昆明的浪漫·云南的咖啡·世界的非遗”为主题,于4月下旬至5月中旬举办,通过文化赋能、产业联动、国际表达,向世界展现春城昆明的独特魅力。

  作为昆明初夏的限定“浪漫名片”,教场中路延绵数公里的紫色花海每年都吸引数十万游客前来打卡。自2019年首届活动举办以来,蓝花楹文化旅游季累计接待游客超300万人次,带动周边消费突破2亿元,成为昆明文旅融合发展的标杆。五华区文化和旅游局局长王静表示,本届活动将深度挖掘蓝花楹的文化价值,串联非遗、青年创意与国际风情,打造一场全民共享的春日盛宴。

  活动主会场教场中路以“踏紫倾城·人文共生”为核心,推出“非遗新生·文创焕新”计划,游客可体验瓦猫泥塑、蓝花楹拓染等传统技艺;同时举办“蓝花楹青年文化创意大赛”,涵盖数字艺术、IP设计等领域,获奖作品将在活动期间展出。此外,优化后的蓝花楹主题巴士线路与新增的夜间志愿服务点,为游客提供全天候的赏花体验。

  在医疗数字化浪潮中,人工智能(AI)正加速进入临床实践。从影像识别、检验报告到辅助决策,AI正在重塑医生的工作方式,也在悄然改变着患者的就诊体验。AI能取代医生吗?面对这位“智能医生”,患者该如何理解它、使用它?它又如何成为医生的“眼睛”与“大脑”?

  近日,本报记者专访中国医学科学院阜外医院心律失常中心原主任、民盟中央卫生与健康委员会主任张澍,中国医学科学院肿瘤医院胸外科主任医师、民盟中央卫生与健康委员会副主任邵康,首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院超声医学科副主任、农工党北京市委会联络工作委员会委员于泽兴,从心脏、肺部、超声诊断三个不同领域,探讨AI在临床中的角色与边界。

  张澍:AI是“标准答案”而人的健康是主观题

  当深度学习算法仅用0.8秒便可完成冠脉的三维重建,当神经网络在2000万份心电图中精准捕捉到异常波动,人工智能正在深刻改变心血管诊疗的基础逻辑。

  “AI的本质是一套算法,它建立在海量的医学知识和临床数据之上。”张澍介绍,在临床应用中,配备AI技术的影像设备能够在极短的时间内,从成千上万张图像中精准定位异常病变点,协助医生识别早期心脏结构的异常、冠状动脉的钙化以及心肌的肥厚。“这种高效的判断,甚至能够超越人眼。”

  在他看来,这正是人工智能的优势——速度快、处理量大、分析深入,最终目标是精准。然而,目前存在两种极端观点:一种认为AI已经能够取代医生,另一种则认为AI在医疗领域的应用并不可靠。张澍认为,通过大量案例和指南的“喂养”,AI能够迅速提供针对常见疾病和轻微病症的标准化诊断和建议。“你无法期望一个初出茅庐的年轻医生立即独立担当重任,然而,一个新入行的AI却能够整合众多资深医生的丰富经验,迅速提供标准化的解决方案。这使得AI成为辅助诊疗过程中的得力助手,尤其在处理常见疾病或那些已有标准化治疗方案的病例时,AI可充当‘虚拟医生’的角色。”

  然而,张澍强调,这种能力并不能无限制地扩展。人工智能在识别“共性”疾病方面表现出色,但人类的健康问题往往是一道“主观题”,其中包含着复杂且难以量化的“个性”因素。在处理复杂的心血管疾病,如心律失常时,AI技术能够协助医生快速识别潜在风险和心电图异常。然而,要深入理解疾病发展的全身性原因和动态变化过程,医生的临床经验和对患者个体状况的精准评估则显得尤为重要。“心脏并非独立运作的器官,其健康状况及功能表现受到心理状态、整体环境、生活习惯等多种因素的共同作用。”张澍指出。

  例如,焦虑的个体可能会经历胸闷和心悸等症状,这些不适感源于情绪对心脏功能的影响,而非心脏存在任何器质性问题。“即便AI技术再先进,目前它仍无法准确判断一个人是否正承受心理压力、睡眠障碍,或是家庭与环境的变动。目前我们所提供的训练数据远远不足,因为与‘心’相关的人的整体状态,往往不是仅凭临床‘指标+图像’就能完全阐释的。”张澍进一步补充道。

  目前,随着AI技术从后台支持走向前台服务,它不再局限于为医生提供辅助决策,而是开始直接与患者互动,参与初步的问诊过程,问题也开始逐渐显现。“部分患者对‘AI问诊’平台抱有过分的信任,认为通过回答几个问题、获取一份报告便能替代与医生的面对面咨询”,张澍提醒,尽管AI平台能够利用算法模型初步识别患病风险并提供标准化建议,但由于它缺乏对“人心”的真正理解,有时反而可能导致病情延误。

  “AI可以是一个优秀的‘起点’,但绝非‘终极诊断’系统。”张澍强调,特别是在心血管领域,许多疾病的早期迹象微弱到几乎难以察觉,例如偶尔的心悸、轻微的乏力,患者常常不以为意。然而,这些看似普通的症状背后,可能隐藏着严重的心律失常风险。这类复杂且隐蔽的病情,单凭一台AI、一次线上咨询,是无法实现精确识别的。

  如何把握AI在现代临床实践中的应用?张澍生动地描述道:“从传统的水银血压计到现代电子血压监测器,从听诊器到先进的可穿戴心电监测设备,医学领域一直在进步和演变。AI的融入,正是这一持续发展过程中的一个环节,而且它代表了一次真正的革命。”

  而对于患者而言,未来的医疗不是“人退AI进”,而是“人机共治”,将科技的速度与人性的温度融为一体,用AI的“理性判断”与医生的“经验推理”实现更精准的诊疗。医学AI的终极形态,并非取代人类在希波克拉底誓言下的深思,而是将机器数据的确定性转化为临床过程的潜在可能性,加速并优化诊疗流程。在这个人机共存的诊疗新时代,每一次心跳既是生物电信号,也是生命故事的独特旋律。

  邵康:AI是个“好学生”但还不是“好医生”

  作为深耕一线的资深胸外科专家,邵康对人工智能在医疗领域的应用有着深刻洞察:“AI就像个过目不忘的超级学霸,堪称医生的‘超级大脑’,是极具潜力的临床助手。”

  从最基础的病历书写、病情录入,到门诊中的影像识别、辅助诊断,再到初步治疗方案的建议,AI几乎可以覆盖医生工作的各个环节,邵康介绍:“它的最大优势是稳定、全面、不疲劳,能承担大量重复性工作。尤其在图像处理方面,AI的表现已经超过了许多经验尚浅的医生。”

  以肺结节筛查为例,传统阅片模式下,医生每看一个病人,需要手动翻阅300至400张CT断层图像,不仅耗时耗力,还易出现视觉疲劳导致漏诊。而AI凭借深度学习算法,可在数秒内完成全肺扫描,不仅能精准标注病灶位置,还能量化分析结节大小、密度、边缘特征等参数,并基于大数据模型给出初步良恶性概率评估。

  “以往对一位患者的影像判读需5至10分钟,现在AI辅助下仅需数秒即可完成初筛。”邵康提到,这种效率的提升,显著优化了诊疗流程,让医生得以将更多精力投入到复杂病情研判与个体化治疗方案制定中。

  对于肺癌影像诊断的准确率,AI已能与经验丰富的主治医师比肩。临床实践中,医生只要输入准确的疾病相关信息,AI就可以根据指南、共识给出全面、准确的疾病诊疗方案供医生参考。

  邵康直言:“对于知识更新滞后的从业者而言,部分成熟的AI系统确实展现出更强的知识储备与分析能力。”然而,在肯定技术优势的同时,邵康反复强调AI的临床应用边界:“医学的本质是针对‘生病之人’,而非仅仅是‘疾病’。”

  临床实践中,患者的基础状况、心理状态、生活环境等信息,往往是左右诊疗决策的关键变量。这些难以量化的“隐藏参数”,恰是AI当前的技术盲区。

  于泽兴:超声不是“看图说话”那么简单

  当人们谈论人工智能对医疗行业的影响时,影像科常常被视为“最容易被AI替代”的领域,甚至有人断言,AI时代最先“下岗”的,将是影像科医生。

  “确实,从很早开始,就有团队尝试将AI引入影像诊断,尤其在放射科领域应用较多。”于泽兴介绍,像X光片、CT片这类标准化的平面图像,非常适合深度学习算法进行训练与识别,因此AI在这些领域的发展起步较快。

  不过,作为医学影像中的重要分支,超声科的情况却远比想象中复杂。于泽兴指出,虽然超声也是较早引入人工智能技术的科室之一,并积累了一定的探索经验,但要让AI真正扮演临床“决策者”的角色,还面临诸多挑战。

  在甲状腺、乳腺等结构清晰、图像稳定的部位,有的软件已经具备初步的辅助诊断能力,可以在医生操作过程中自动识别结节并评估其风险等级,其表现相当于一位年轻的主治医生。

  然而,这种应用目前仍局限于少数场景。“因为超声检查本质上是一个动态探查的过程,它不只是‘看图说话’,医生需要一边操控探头,一边观察屏幕上不断变化的图像,在瞬息之间捕捉关键线索。”于泽兴表示,这一过程中,医生的感知、操作和认知能力缺一不可,经验远比图像本身更为关键。

  “胖的人、瘦的人,器官的位置和形态不一样,超声医生扫查时的角度、范围、按压的力度都不同,需要实时调整、因人而异。”于泽兴说。“这些操作细节,都是AI目前难以胜任的。”

  那么,如果仅从图像分析来说,患者是否可以上传报告,在AI上获取“诊断建议”?

  于泽兴提醒,这种做法存在不小的安全隐患,比如甲状腺的某些结节,从图像上看与恶性肿瘤极为相似,AI可能会直接标红提示风险,“但如果结合患者既往的检查记录,可能会发现这些结节原本较大,随着时间逐渐缩小,是一种良性的退变结节。而这种需要综合病史、遗传史乃至病程变化作出的判断,是当前AI尚不具备的能力。”

  不过,应该看到的是,在目前超声医生资源紧张的背景下,无论是三甲医院还是基层机构,合理引入AI,将在一定程度上缓解人力压力。“技术无法取代医生的经验和判断,但它可以成为医生的工具,为他们加一双‘眼’、多一双‘手’,把专业力量用在更需要的地方。”于泽兴说。(完)(《中国新闻》报刘益伶报道) 袁弘张歆艺同居,带你领略青春爱情的酸甜苦辣!的相关文章 “店招改色”漩涡中的三河的相关文章
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