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(图片来源:视觉中国)

  近日,新三板挂牌保险公司永诚财产保险股份有限公司(以下简称“永诚保险“)披露2024年年报及今年第一季度业绩数据。

  这家成立二十载的老牌险企,在2024年出现亏损,背后是海外大案与极端天气等偶发因素,以及叫停承保亏损的融资性保证保险业务所引发的的阵痛。不过业务结构调整已显现成效,今年一季度永诚保险实现扭亏为盈。

  年报显示,2024年,永诚保险实现营业收入61亿元,原保费收入68.52亿元,同比减少3.22%,据介绍,主要是受到停止融资性保证保险业务影响。

  从2023年永诚保险的业务结构来说,保证保险为其第四大保费来源,当年保费收入10亿元,排在车险、企财险与健康险之后。2024年,在年中叫停该业务的前提下,保证保险保费收入调降为1.62亿元。

  保证保险业务叫停背后是其承保亏损的现实。利润方面,2024年度,永诚保险实现合并利润总额-6.31亿元,其中承保亏损8.40亿元,“主要是受到海外大案、极端灾害天气这两项偶发性因素以及保证险业务亏损所致,综合影响达到7.67亿元”,永诚保险回应道。

  “由于融资性保证险业务亏损,永诚保险2024年中期全面停止新增融资性保证保险业务,随着未了贷款余额的快速下降,基本消除对未来经营情况的不利影响”,永诚保险总裁助理何怀安向记者表示,若剔除该业务,永诚保险原保费收入同比上升10.42%。

  此外,针对导致亏损海外项目,何怀安向记者表示,永诚保险承保的一海外项目产生重大理赔,已帮助被保险人加快开展修复工程,公司已优化海外业务的核保政策,将继续为海外项目提供全险种保险保障和专业的风险控制服务。

  投资方面,年报显示,2024年永诚保险合并投资收益2.8亿元,较上年同期增加10.97%。

  成立于2024年的永诚保险,已走过完整的20个经营年度。这家“电力系”险企,背靠中国华能等大型电力企业集团和企业投资集团股东,选定“专业化特色化”发展路径,提出专注于电力能源的领域的风险管理,并保持在电力能源市场的市场份额领先,承保装机容量领先。

  2024年,永诚保险提出开展提质增效,推进亏损治理和成本优化,“过紧日子”的路径。同时决定全面实施深化改革,对公司的原有战略进行优化。

  从当前永诚保险的业务发展思路来看,其尤为强调聚焦主业。永诚保险副总裁邵雷向记者表示,即坚持“电为核心”,通过构建“电力能源保险+”的服务体系,提供一站式、个性化、多元化全生命周期的保险保障服务,打造以电力能源保险业务为核心的增长极,其他市场化效益险种协同发展的业务生态。

  具体来说,首要是核心护航电力能源产业,重点面向电力能源央企,地方的大型电力能源国企以及各类大型的电力能源市场化企业,为市场化业务提供充足的承保能力和优质的专业服务。同时以电力能源为切入点,进行关联化的发展,打造“电力能源保险+”的多元业务生态。

  车险方面,立足轻资产的运营经营模式,进一步构筑精细化管理体系,深化机构分类经营与差异化策略,平衡规模与效益。重点发展电力能源企业及大型企业员工业务,形成精准获客、高效服务风险可控的闭环优势,并适时切入新能源车型。

  “对于中小险企而言,也许车险综合成本率仍高于100%,但是能够提供相对稳定现金流,并实现对整体固定成本的有效摊销”,有保险业内人士向记者分析指出。

  永诚保险最新业绩数据显示,公司今年一季度原保费收入29.2亿元,同比增长14.37%,承保利润2305万元,净利润8334.9万元,实现由亏转盈,利润总额1.1亿元,同比增长25倍。

  2023年底,厦门燕之屋燕窝产业股份有限公司(以下简称“燕之屋”)在数次次IPO后如愿迈入资本市场大门。然而,上市之后的燕之屋业绩表现疲软,2023年首份年报营收、净利润增速下滑。

  2024年,燕窝行业龙头燕之屋交出了一份“增收不增利”的财报:全年营收同比增长4.37%至20.5亿元,但净利润却同比骤降24.18%至1.6亿元,净利润率首次跌破10%。这份看似温和增长的财报背后,却暗藏多重风险。对于投资者而言,燕之屋的困境不仅是行业竞争加剧的缩影,更暴露出其商业模式和战略选择的深层隐忧。

  营销成本激增:利润被“明星收割”的恶性循环

  燕之屋的营业收入主要来源于三个部分:纯燕窝产品、燕窝+及+燕窝产品,以及其他产品。其中,纯燕窝产品包括碗燕、鲜炖燕、瓶装燕窝和干燕窝,2024年其销售收入为17.95亿元,占总营业收入的87.6%。2024年纯燕窝产品的销售收入同比增长仅为0.06%,增长乏力。

  燕之屋的利润下滑与销售费用失控直接相关。2024年,其销售及经销开支同比激增19%,达到6.7亿元,占营收比例攀升至32.7%。这一巨额支出主要用于两大方向:

  明星代言“军备竞赛” :年内签约巩俐、王一博双顶流代言人,叠加冠名《中国诗词大会》等品牌活动,试图通过“高端+年轻化”双线覆盖用户。然而,代言费用蚕食利润的代价显著。

  线上渠道的流量陷阱:虽然电商收入占比超60%(12.4亿元),但依赖头部主播带货和平台流量采买,导致促销费用激增。抖音等新兴渠道的低利润率(不足传统渠道一半)进一步稀释盈利。

  这种“以利润换规模”的策略已显露疲态:尽管品牌首选率提升至29.7%3,但消费者对高价燕窝的支付意愿持续下降。。

  行业竞争格局恶化、智商税争议挥之不去

  燕之屋的行业龙头地位面临双重冲击。竞争格局恶化,小仙炖通过鲜炖燕窝差异化突围,许广和等药企背景品牌抢占养生市场,而电商平台上45ml即食燕窝价格已跌破20元。燕之屋试图以“燕窝+”产品(如燕窝粥、巧克力)拓展场景,但创新产品营收占比仅11.3%,且缺乏技术壁垒。

  信任成本高企,行业“智商税”争议挥之不去,叠加历史“毒血燕”事件余波(亚硝酸盐超标33倍),消费者对品质安全疑虑未消。

  更严峻的是,其核心用户群体正在流失:Z世代转向枸杞、姜黄等平价养生品,而高端客群对“贵妇专享”标签的认可度被竞品分食。2024年线下渠道收入下滑,下沉市场拓展未达预期,暴露出渠道策略的僵化。

  燕之屋提出的“智能工厂降本”“拓展县域市场”等策略,短期内难改利润颓势。若无法在2025年实现研发转化(如115℃锁鲜工艺的商业化)或爆品突破,其“燕窝之王”的光环恐将进一步黯淡。对于投资者而言,这份财报更像是一份风险预警:当行业红利消退时,过度依赖营销的商业模式终将反噬自身。

  本文创作借助AI工具收集整理市场数据和行业信息,结合辅助观点分析和撰写成文。

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