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来源:华尔街见闻

消息人士将此解读为xAI将在不久的将来进行大规模融资的迹象。几个月前,据报道称,xAI正以500亿美元估值筹集最多60亿美元资金,用于购买10万块英伟达芯片。

据CNBC报道,马斯克正在寻求对其xAI进行"合理估值",这被解读为新一轮大规模融资即将启动的信号。

知情人士向CNBC的DavidFaber透露,马斯克上周在与xAI投资者的电话会议上提出寻求对公司进行"合理估值"。

虽然特斯拉CEO并未明确提及即将进行融资,但消息人士将这些评论解读为xAI将在不久的将来进行大规模融资的迹象。

消息人士还透露,在与投资者的电话会议上,公司讨论了其潜在年营收已达10亿美元或更多的情况。

今年以来,马斯克将大部分时间投入到DOGE的工作中,这引发了人们对其公司稳定性的质疑,特别是在特斯拉股价今年已下跌超过40%的情况下。

报道称,他出现在这次电话会议上可能是一个信号,表明他正在重新关注自己的商业实体。

xAI的又一个重要里程碑或将至

若新一轮融资确认,这将成为xAI的又一个重要里程碑。

就在几个月前,CNBC报道称,xAI正以500亿美元估值筹集最多60亿美元资金,用于购买10万块英伟达芯片。

这笔资金包括来自中东主权基金的50亿美元和其他投资者的10亿美元。

马斯克于2023年7月宣布成立这家AI初创公司。当时,公司表示其目标是"理解宇宙的真正本质"。xAI去年推出了名为Grok的聊天机器人。

华尔街见闻此前提及,今年3月底,马斯克让其人工智能初创公司xAI收购了X平台(原Twitter),交易估值为330亿美元。如果加上120亿美元的债务,X的价值达到了450亿美元。

当时马斯克在X上发帖表示:

Wedbush分析师认为这是马斯克整合所有业务的第一步,这笔交易使马斯克成为AI领域的关键参与者。

风险提示及免责条款

市场有风险,投资需谨慎。本文不构成个人投资建议,也未考虑到个别用户特殊的投资目标、财务状况或需要。用户应考虑本文中的任何意见、观点或结论是否符合其特定状况。据此投资,责任自负。

  来源:天勇谈经济

  周天勇 

  昨天的“天勇谈经济”公众号写了“应对贸易战:怎么看待居民的收入低和消费弱”一文,介绍了中国居民收入和消费在GDP中的分配和占有比例过低的数据。显然,在这样低水平的情况下,对国内自身的生产形成过剩压力;而中国对美出口中,85%的货物是消费品或与消费有关的中间品,贸易战将会使消费品及相关产业生产过剩更加雪上加霜。 

  今天要谈一个非常重要的话题,是生活型创业。从学术上讲,人们生产服务经营方面的创业,有生存型创业和创新型创业。实际上昨天公众号发表的文章中介绍,改革开放后,为了摆脱贫困、追求温饱,迈向小康,中国城乡民众进行了大规模的生存型企业,一度使得居民收入和消费占GDP的比例,接近国际样板国家的正常水平。当年,人们对生活充满信心,并勤奋地去追求。 

  笔者从文献上看到的定义,生存性创业,是普通居民,为了挣得收入、养家糊口、争取日子越过越好所从事的创业,以普通的劳动力和小块的场地组合,进行劳动密集型中小微生产服务经营。而创新型企业,一般是以高知人群,以知识和技术与资本相结合,或者中小专新特精,或者规模巨大的平台服务,或者与资本结合形成大规模的生产能力,进行技术密集型、资本密集型和技术资本融合密集型,或者高精尖中小技术服务、或者大规模的电子商务平台服务,或者大规模的新能源汽车等生产服务经营。 

  中国已经从贫困到温饱,再到全面建设小康社会,已经超越了生存型创业的发展阶段。二十大也提出经济发展的目的,是为了人民享受美好生活。因此,笔者将文献上的民众生存型企业,提升为生活型创业,即为了美好生活而创业。

  人们和政府往往会偏重于创新型创业,因为增加国家的技术竞争力,也会使社会规模化地创造财富,增强国家的经济实力。新闻舆论、人们的偏好等等,都对创新型创业广泛传播并大加弘扬。而过去对普遍的生存型创业,则自身默默无闻,人们熟视无睹。并且一旦有假冒伪劣、以次充好,人们便好坏不分,普遍被谴责。而且,从以往的现实看,生存型创业的个体和中小微经济主体,在腾笼换鸟、生态环保、消防安全、食品安全、建筑合规、街巷重建、城中村建设等等运动式整治、各种“一刀切”执法中,往往是最容易受伤害的弱势群体。产权得不到保护、整治得不到补偿和赔偿、欠款得不到支付,诉讼得不到立案,胜诉得不到执行。到现在,人们一想生存型企业,都心有余悸。 

  然而,从历史上看,每一次生产过剩,都是要素创业财富被技术和资本分配过多,而广大需要消费家庭的劳动者未能平衡地参与创造财富和分配成果,于是巨大科技和资本创造的生产力,无法由众多家庭购买消费,造成消费需求不足,生产过剩和经济危机。中国之所以进入21世纪以来,发生了居民收入和消费占GDP比例越来越低的变化,到今天酝酿了严峻的消费需求不足和生产过剩,生存型创业生态体系受损,中小微企业相对收缩,就业越来越困难,是最主要的原因。 

  解决的办法,一种是技术资本创造的财富,用强制或者高税收的再分配的办法去分配收入给众多不参与生产过程的劳动者和他们的家庭,使他们形成有支付能力的需求,把技术的资本创造的供给买进平衡。但是,无数的社会试验证明,结果无人去创新,资本也不再积累和投资,生产效率太低,最终都以失败告终。 

  另一种是,一个社会在鼓励创新型创业时,需要特别重视和珍惜普通民众的生存型。如日韩、欧洲和美国等许多国家,曾经也好,现在也是,大力保护、包容和促进普通居民创业中小微个体商户和企业发展,在市场竞争主体中99.99%可能是中小微观经济体,使创业者带动更多地人就业。这样,使用更多的小块土地、小店铺、小加场所,使劳动与土地要素相组合,使得亿万个人和家庭,在参与创造财富的同时,分配到收入,具备有支付能力的消费需求。这是一个社会既实现共同富裕,又保证经济的创新和规模竞争力,有效避免或者陷入集体贫穷,或者陷入分配不均,以及生产过剩导致经济危机的最好途径。 

  中国是一个14亿人口的大国,资源相对缺乏、普通劳动者众多,2024年还有46478万农村常住人口,26094万乡村劳动力,其中16524亿农业就业劳动力,9570万农村二三产业劳动力,城镇47345万就业劳动力中,有22000万左右外出城镇务工劳动力,其中17000万左右是灵活就业者,其他户籍劳动力中,大部分也不是高知识、高智能和高技能的劳动者。在中国73439万劳动者中,能进行新技术创新型创业的,最多也超不过1%,能够在高新技术企业中就职的劳动者也超不过10%。需要冷静和清醒地认识到,中国绝大部分创业者,学术语言讲,还是进行生存型创业;换一个升级的说法,也就是进行生活型创业。所有人中,提倡90%的都去从事创新型创业,是一件绝不可能实现的愿望。因为,人们生活的大部分,还是油盐酱醋、米菜果肉、水电油气、衣服鞋帽和床桌椅柜,再升级点,也就耐用电器、代步车辆和移动手机。并不是所有的生活,特别是基本的吃穿睡行等生活,都需要AI一下。但是,这些再普通不过的过日子,就是巨大的消费需求。这就是中国最重要的国情。

  不要以为实现现代化,就主要是发展高新技术企业,就主要发展大规模的资本密集型企业,替代那些不起眼和再普通不过的生活型创业企业。中国更需要乡村农民在农村小宅地房屋里和其他小块建设用地上进行创业,城镇常住流动人口和城镇户籍普通居民,在城镇小街小巷、楼宇底层、大院墙边、城郊宅地和其他建设小块用地创业;城乡创业者以一带几、带十和带数十,使土地要素与劳动要素相组合,以亿万计的普通创业者和劳动者与千万计的小规模土地相结合,汇集巨大劳动和土地密集型的生产能力,在共同创造财富的过程中分配财富,使整个国民经济“生产-居民分配-消费”形成良性循环和供需平衡。与之同时,发展技术创新型企业,保持资本密集大规模生产,相互协同,这才是中国经济发展现代化的正确之道。 

  因有其他研究工作需要进行,因此下一篇“中国劳动者结构与促进生活型创业”隔4天发出。

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