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  来源:券业行家

  日前,股转公司公开发布了2025年一季度做市商评价:本期依然有12家券商获得减免经手费的优惠,然而,“免单”名录却出现了变动。

  12家券商荣获减免

  时隔数月,全国中小企业股份转让系统有限责任公司(简称:股转公司)发布了2025年首季度做市商评价。根据《全国中小企业股份转让系统做市商评价指引(试行)》,12家做市商获得经手费全部或部分减免。

  具体来看,三家券商综合排名位于前5%,做市交易经手费减免比例为100%,分别是:

  东北证券股份有限公司;

  上海证券有限责任公司;

  开源证券股份有限公司。

  三家券商综合排名在前5%至前10%之间,经手费减免比例为70%,分别是:

  国元证券股份有限公司;

  海通证券股份有限公司;

  天风证券股份有限公司。

  六家券商综合排名在前10%至前20%,减免比例为50%,分别是:

  广发证券股份有限公司;

  中山证券有限责任公司;

  华源证券股份有限公司;

  长江证券股份有限公司;

  联储证券股份有限公司;

  财达证券股份有限公司。

  东北证券重夺冠军

  与2024年四季相比,本期榜单入选券商依然是12家。其中,东北证券、广发证券、华源证券、开源证券、联储证券、上海证券和中山证券,自2022年一季度以来“打满全场”。

  位列第一档的三家券商中,东北证券表现最为突出:2024年一至三季度均位列榜首,2024年四季度屈居榜眼;今年一季度上演王者归来,一举拿下冠军。

  据东北证券公告,今年一季度营业收入14.85亿元,同比增长25.94%;归母净利润2.02亿元,同比增长859.84%。东北证券表示,公司坚持聚焦主责主业,积极把握市场机遇,持续强化自身核心优势,推动大投资、大财富、大投行三大业务条线转型升级,提高资产配置效率,深化财富管理转型,优化投行服务模式,推进数字赋能建设,公司经营业绩实现同比较好提升。

  2024年业绩快报显示,东北证券营业收入65.49亿元,较上年同期增长1.14%;实现归属于上市公司股东的净利润9.03亿元,较上年同期增长35.07%,主要是公司投资与销售交易业务、财富管理业务和资产管理业务收入同比增长所致。

  另据东北证券2024年中报,报告期内推荐1家企业完成新三板挂牌;累计完成挂牌企业368家,行业排名第9位;督导新三板挂牌企业185家,行业排名第8位。

  上海证券再登榜眼

  2024年业绩大增的上海证券,本期升至榜眼。

  债券相关公告显示,上海证券2024年营业收入52.60亿元,同比增长53.89%;净利润9.55亿元,同比增幅达170.54%。其中投行业务揽收4,232.18万元;而在2023年,投行业务净收入7,220.39万元。由于上海证券缺失“保荐”牌照,债券承销和新三板业务的贡献尚待更多信息公布。

  开源证券仍居第三位。

  招股书显示,2018-2021年、2023年及2024年上半年,开源证券新三板挂牌项目行业排名第一,2022年新三板挂牌项目行业排名第二;2020年末新三板持续督导数量行业排名第二,2021年末、2022年末、2023年末和2024年6月末新三板持续督导数量行业排名第一。截至2024年6月30日,新三板持续督导的公司家数为723家,占挂牌公司总数的11.77%;新三板做市企业75家,行业排名第三。

  国元证券出现滑档

  国元证券在2024年四季度排名榜首,本期降至第四,位列第二档。

  国元证券2024年度报告披露,新三板做市坚持“回归本源”,全年新三板交易量同比增长26倍,交易能力跃升至行业第一梯队。公司成立新三板业务专班,抢抓新三板、北交所业务机遇。全年完成2单IPO、4单再融资、5单新三板挂牌和5单新三板定增,合计募集资金20.82亿元。

  已经消失的海通证券,本期位列第五。天风证券上升1位,排名第六。

  长江证券回归榜单

  第三档券商包括广发证券、中山证券、华源证券、长江证券、联储证券和财达证券。在这份名单中,广发证券是唯一一家头部券商。

  令行家意外的是,申万宏源又一次跌出了榜单。

  申万宏源2024年报披露,申万宏源承销保荐以新三板、北交所业务作为服务中小企业的抓手,持续助力创新型中小企业开新局、谋新篇。北交所开板以来,由公司保荐的北交所上市公司家数排名市场第二。报告期内,申万宏源承销保荐完成新三板挂牌及定向发行共计36单,市场排名第二;其中包括助力6家国家级专精特新企业开展新三板挂牌,助力7家国家级专精特新企业开展新三板定向发行业务。持续开展减费让利工作,报告期内为89家经营困难的新三板企业减免持续督导费用,合计减免人民币497.4万元。

  做市商制度正向激励

  做市商制度对改善市场流动性水平、促进股票价格发现、形成市场良性循环等具有重要意义。

  近年来,股转公司对做市商及其做市业务人员执业情况进行持续记录,建立做市业务评价体系,并可将相关信息予以公开。

  下一步,股转公司将坚持和鼓励大力发展做市交易的重要制度保障。全国股转公司将持续评估制度实施效果,研究优化评价激励机制,坚持开展做市商评价工作,进一步推动做市商制度持续健康发展。

  当各行业正加速将人工智能技术应用于从客服到制造的各个领域时,美国政府却试图拆分两大AI巨头——这一行动可能对未来数年的AI发展与投资格局产生深远影响。

  上周,美国联邦贸易委员会(FTC)就Meta旗下Facebook在社交媒体领域的垄断地位发起反垄断诉讼,要求其剥离Instagram和WhatsApp。同一周,弗吉尼亚州法院裁定谷歌为维持在线广告技术主导地位采取非法手段。

  谷歌还因搜索引擎垄断面临另一项反垄断诉讼,政府要求其放弃全球最受欢迎的Chrome浏览器。

  FuturumGroup通信网络研究总监RonWestfall表示:“鉴于Meta和谷歌作为主要AI开发者的角色,这些反垄断行动将深刻重塑AI生态体系。”

  他认为,尽管短期内会出现动荡,但企业将进行转型,这可能催生“更精简、聚焦的创新”,就像1984年AT&T(当时被称为“贝尔大妈”)被拆分为七家地区电信公司(即所谓的“小贝尔”)后,反而促进了电信与互联网创新并孕育出Verizon等竞争者。

  支持自动化公司QueryPal首席执行官DevNag认为,拆分将为中小企业创造机遇:“当谷歌、Meta这类垄断企业面临拆分或限制时,我们常会看到被压制已久的小型创新者爆发式成长。如果谷歌被迫向竞争对手开放搜索数据等关键资源,将推动AI研发民主化,其发展速度可能超越任何单一企业所能达到的水平。”

  他补充说,这些反垄断行动有望构建更具韧性的AI生态,为可能被巨头扼杀的下一代AI领导者开辟道路。

  乔治城大学安全与新兴技术中心研究显示,当前AI生态由少数掌控核心资源(海量数据集、算力及顶尖人才)的巨头主导。这些公司同时重金投入研发,推动从消费品到国防应用的各领域进步。值得注意的是,苹果也因AppStore政策面临反垄断诉讼,亚马逊则被FTC指控利用电商垄断地位打压竞争对手。

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