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  广州4月20日电(记者蔡敏婕)每年的4月20日是“世界痛风日”。广东省人民医院肾内科主任叶智明表示,长期高尿酸引发的慢性炎症反应会加速肾脏损伤,破坏肾脏组织。对于患者来说,提高筛查意识、合理用药及严格尿酸管理,是保护肾脏的三道防线。

  近年来,随着高尿酸血症人群的快速增长,痛风性肾病正威胁着人们的肾脏健康。

  叶智明指出,痛风性肾病分为急性和慢性两种类型。急性痛风性肾病常见于肿瘤或血液病化疗后,因细胞大量坏死导致尿酸骤增,堵塞肾小管,表现为突发性少尿、无尿甚至急性尿毒症。而慢性痛风性肾病更为常见,由长期高尿酸血症引发肾脏慢性炎症和氧化应激,导致血管和间质纤维化,以及尿酸结石阻塞尿路,最终可发展为慢性肾功能不全。

  “目前痛风发病年龄明显提前,20多岁患者已不罕见。”叶智明强调,痛风性肾病年轻化趋势明显,40岁以上人群及有遗传背景、高嘌呤饮食习惯者尤为高危,合并糖尿病、高血压等代谢疾病时风险倍增。

  传统治疗依赖低嘌呤饮食、促尿酸排泄药物和碱化尿液等手段,但部分患者因长期使用非甾体抗炎药反而加重肾脏损伤。

  叶智明提到,目前有创新的白介素1β靶向生物制剂为治疗带来转机,该疗法不经过肝肾代谢,而是直接抑制痛风炎症的核心因子IL-1β,对肾功能受损患者更安全,避免治疗中的药源性的肾脏损伤。

  早期发现是防治核心。叶智明建议,普通人群应定期通过尿常规、肾脏B超等无创检查筛查肾病迹象,而痛风或高尿酸血症患者需严格监测血尿酸水平。“若能在肾病发生前控制尿酸,患者可能终身不进展至肾病阶段;已患病者则需将尿酸控制在5.5mg/dL以下。”

  针对患者日常管理,叶智明提醒,运动后及时补水至关重要,以防尿液浓缩加速尿酸沉积。此外,他呼吁公众减少高糖饮料、酒精和高嘌呤饮食摄入。(完) 强奷蹂躏屈辱校花系列小说 - 揭秘那些让人上瘾却不宜观看的影片清单!的相关文章 特朗普再喊话鲍威尔降息:再不降经济增长要放缓了美国最高法院驳回 CSX 公司重提对诺福克南方公司反垄断诉讼的请求的相关文章
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