Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-17ll.com/label.php on line 82
有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!
随机图片

有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!

更新时间: 浏览次数: 754

400电话:123456(点击咨询)
有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!各观看免费《今日汇总》
有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!各热线观看免费2025已更新(2025已更新)








有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!观看免费电话:(1)123456(点击咨询)(2)123456(点击咨询)








有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!观看免费热线(1)123456(点击咨询)(2)123456(点击咨询)




有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!各区点热线观看免费《今日发布》
Random Image 有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!电话








7天观看免费人工电话为您、有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!团队在调度中心的统筹调配下,线下专业及各地区人员团队等专属,整个报修流程规范有序,后期同步跟踪查询公开透明。








所有团队均经过专业培训、持证上岗,所用产品配件均为原厂直供,








有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!各观看免费《今日汇总》2025已更新(今日/推荐)








有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!电话区域:








西双版纳傣族自治州(勐腊县、景洪市、勐海县)








阜新市(清河门区、细河区、太平区、新邱区、海州区、阜新蒙古族自治县、彰武县)








西藏自治区








绵阳市(涪城区、平武县、安州区、盐亭县、游仙区、梓潼县、北川羌族自治县、江油市、三台县)  钦州市(灵山县、浦北县、钦北区、钦南区)








湘西土家族苗族自治州(泸溪县、龙山县、保靖县、吉首市、花垣县、永顺县、古丈县、凤凰县)








西安市(未央区、阎良区、蓝田县、高陵区、雁塔区、碑林区、莲湖区、灞桥区、周至县、长安区、鄠邑区、临潼区、新城区)








秦皇岛市(卢龙县、海港区、青龙满族自治县、北戴河区、抚宁区、昌黎县、山海关区)金昌市(永昌县、金川区)








鹤岗市(向阳区、兴山区、工农区、东山区、萝北县、绥滨县、南山区、兴安区)  德宏傣族景颇族自治州(盈江县、芒市、瑞丽市、梁河县、陇川县)








嘉兴市(嘉善县、海盐县、桐乡市、海宁市、南湖区、秀洲区、平湖市)








承德市(兴隆县、丰宁满族自治县、围场满族蒙古族自治县、承德县、双滦区、平泉市、双桥区、滦平县、隆化县、宽城满族自治县、鹰手营子矿区)








揭阳市(揭东区、惠来县、榕城区、揭西县、普宁市)








泰州市(靖江市、泰兴市、兴化市、海陵区、高港区、姜堰区)








银川市(兴庆区、灵武市、贺兰县、永宁县、金凤区、西夏区)








锡林郭勒盟(二连浩特市、太仆寺旗、阿巴嘎旗、正镶白旗、西乌珠穆沁旗、苏尼特左旗、苏尼特右旗、镶黄旗、东乌珠穆沁旗、多伦县、正蓝旗、锡林浩特市)








仙桃市(天门市、神农架林区、潜江市)








凉山彝族自治州(宁南县、会东县、冕宁县、甘洛县、普格县、喜德县、雷波县、越西县、西昌市、德昌县、昭觉县、布拖县、美姑县、盐源县、会理市、木里藏族自治县、金阳县)








宝鸡市(岐山县、扶风县、陇县、凤县、太白县、千阳县、凤翔区、金台区、眉县、麟游县、渭滨区、陈仓区)








烟台市(牟平区、莱阳市、栖霞市、龙口市、莱山区、莱州市、海阳市、芝罘区、招远市、福山区、蓬莱区)








来宾市(武宣县、合山市、兴宾区、象州县、金秀瑶族自治县、忻城县)








焦作市(博爱县、沁阳市、孟州市、山阳区、武陟县、中站区、温县、马村区、解放区、修武县)








通化市(二道江区、辉南县、集安市、柳河县、通化县、梅河口市、东昌区)








昌都市(芒康县、卡若区、贡觉县、江达县、察雅县、类乌齐县、边坝县、八宿县、左贡县、丁青县、洛隆县)








山南市(曲松县、琼结县、浪卡子县、加查县、隆子县、乃东区、错那市、措美县、扎囊县、桑日县、洛扎县、贡嘎县)








驻马店市(汝南县、平舆县、确山县、新蔡县、西平县、驿城区、泌阳县、遂平县、正阳县、上蔡县)








玉林市(北流市、容县、陆川县、玉州区、博白县、兴业县、福绵区)








大连市(普兰店区、西岗区、旅顺口区、长海县、瓦房店市、甘井子区、中山区、沙河口区、金州区、庄河市)








北海市(合浦县、海城区、铁山港区、银海区)
400电话:123456(点击咨询)
有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!各观看免费《今日汇总》《今日发布》
有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!各观看免费《今日汇总》(2025已更新)








有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!观看免费电话:(1)123456(点击咨询)(2)123456(点击咨询)








有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!观看免费热线(1)123456(点击咨询)(2)123456(点击咨询)




有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!各观看免费《今日汇总》【2025已更新列表】
有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!电话








7天观看免费人工电话为您、有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!团队在调度中心的统筹调配下,线下专业及各地区人员团队等专属,整个报修流程规范有序,后期同步跟踪查询公开透明。








所有团队均经过专业培训、持证上岗,所用产品配件均为原厂直供,








有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!中心2025已更新(今日/推荐)








有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!电话区域:








南昌市(南昌县、红谷滩区、新建区、西湖区、青山湖区、进贤县、东湖区、安义县、青云谱区)








雅安市(石棉县、荥经县、汉源县、雨城区、名山区、天全县、宝兴县、芦山县)








十堰市(竹山县、郧阳区、竹溪县、张湾区、茅箭区、郧西县、丹江口市、房县)








南京市(六合区、秦淮区、浦口区、鼓楼区、溧水区、玄武区、江宁区、栖霞区、高淳区、雨花台区、建邺区)  喀什地区(麦盖提县、叶城县、岳普湖县、巴楚县、疏附县、疏勒县、泽普县、喀什市、塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县、莎车县、英吉沙县、伽师县)








日照市(岚山区、莒县、东港区、五莲县)








怒江傈僳族自治州(泸水市、贡山独龙族怒族自治县、福贡县、兰坪白族普米族自治县)








抚州市(金溪县、乐安县、黎川县、崇仁县、广昌县、南丰县、南城县、资溪县、临川区、东乡区、宜黄县)深圳市(宝安区、南山区、罗湖区、福田区、盐田区、光明区、龙华区、龙岗区、坪山区)








梅州市(大埔县、兴宁市、丰顺县、五华县、蕉岭县、梅江区、梅县区、平远县)  新余市(渝水区、分宜县)








淮北市(烈山区、濉溪县、杜集区、相山区)








漳州市(龙文区、东山县、云霄县、华安县、南靖县、平和县、长泰区、龙海区、芗城区、诏安县、漳浦县)








湖州市(德清县、长兴县、南浔区、安吉县、吴兴区)萍乡市(上栗县、湘东区、莲花县、安源区、芦溪县)








梧州市(万秀区、龙圩区、藤县、苍梧县、岑溪市、蒙山县、长洲区)








肇庆市(鼎湖区、封开县、高要区、端州区、四会市、德庆县、怀集县、广宁县)








通辽市(库伦旗、科尔沁左翼后旗、科尔沁左翼中旗、霍林郭勒市、开鲁县、科尔沁区、扎鲁特旗、奈曼旗)








亳州市(谯城区、蒙城县、利辛县、涡阳县)








黄南藏族自治州(同仁市、河南蒙古族自治县、尖扎县、泽库县)








牡丹江市(林口县、西安区、海林市、绥芬河市、东宁市、东安区、阳明区、爱民区、宁安市、穆棱市)








白银市(景泰县、白银区、会宁县、平川区、靖远县)








荆门市(沙洋县、钟祥市、掇刀区、东宝区、京山市)








枣庄市(市中区、峄城区、山亭区、滕州市、薛城区、台儿庄区)








兴安盟(科尔沁右翼前旗、阿尔山市、扎赉特旗、乌兰浩特市、突泉县、科尔沁右翼中旗)








济宁市(兖州区、汶上县、金乡县、曲阜市、鱼台县、梁山县、嘉祥县、邹城市、泗水县、微山县、任城区)








东莞市








黑河市(嫩江市、爱辉区、北安市、孙吴县、五大连池市、逊克县)








五指山市(屯昌县、澄迈县、陵水黎族自治县、文昌市、东方市、保亭黎族苗族自治县、临高县、万宁市、琼中黎族苗族自治县、白沙黎族自治县、乐东黎族自治县、琼海市、定安县、昌江黎族自治县)








赣州市(章贡区、上犹县、龙南市、崇义县、安远县、南康区、于都县、大余县、瑞金市、定南县、石城县、赣县区、寻乌县、宁都县、信丰县、全南县、会昌县、兴国县)








内江市(市中区、资中县、隆昌市、东兴区、威远县)

  关于特朗普是否会(尝试)解雇鲍威尔,这个问题现在已经摆在了明面上。但说实话,我真没太搞懂他的动机。

  我们先把“特朗普到底有没有权力罢免鲍威尔”这个核心法律问题暂时放一边。4月1日,TracyAlloway和我一起发布了一期播客节目,邀请到哥伦比亚大学的LevMenand作为嘉宾,那期节目的标题是《未受华尔街关注的美联储的独立性风险正在上升》。现在嘛,可以确定地说,华尔街确实开始关注这个问题了!当时节目的基本观点是,如果特朗普罢免联邦贸易委员会(以及其他类似机构)中民主党委员的尝试得到法律容许,那么理论上,美联储主席以及其他理事的职位也处在类似的不稳定状态中。

  我们先来说经济层面。很明显,特朗普想让鲍威尔下台,而且是越快越好。他在自己的TruthSocial账号上已经明确表达过这一点。上周五,白宫首席经济智囊凯文·哈塞特也证实,特朗普确实有意撤掉鲍威尔。不过,特朗普是否真的会动手(撇开法律问题不谈)还不确定。据记者ColbySmith、JonathanSwan和MaggieHaberman的报道,特朗普的顾问团队已经在一定程度上说服了他:如果他真的解雇鲍威尔,可能会引发金融市场更大的恐慌。所以眼下来看,他还没有下这个决心。

  这里值得指出的一点是,金融市场的剧烈波动往往会让实体经济付出真金白银。举个相对微观的例子:上周,汽车租赁初创公司Turo宣布裁员15%,原因是IPO窗口彻底关闭了。股市下跌最终会带来裁员,这就是现实。

  好吧,我们暂且不谈金融市场的动荡。总统当然希望利率更低——从各方面来看这都说得通。利率降低会让车贷和房贷利率、企业融资成本更低,哪位总统不想要这样的经济环境?

  但我们设想一下:如果特朗普真的解雇鲍威尔,换上一位听命于他、上任就大幅降息的人——这对特朗普到底能起到什么作用?

  恐怕现在对特朗普(当然对所有参与美国经济的人也是如此)最令人不安的图表之一是:自“解放日”以来,美国股市出现明显的避险抛盘,而长期国债收益率节节攀升。

  上面这张图大家可能已经看过很多次了,但关于“10年期收益率”,还是值得提醒一下。这个数据大体上是反映市场对未来10年美联储将如何调整隔夜利率以实现2%通胀目标的预期。

  记住,美联储的政策利率主要影响的是短期借贷成本。所谓“长期”其实是无数个“短期”叠加而成。市场当前的信号是,假如其他因素不变,在“解放日”之后,联邦基金利率未来10年会升到比之前预期更高的水平。

  当然,私营部门的借贷成本通常是以美国国债收益率曲线上的不同期限点位作为基准。我们以房贷为例,它是普通美国人与利率之间最直接的连接方式之一。房贷利率通常是在10年期美债收益率基础上再加一个利差,所以自“解放日”以来,随着10年期收益率上涨,房贷利率也随之上升。其他金融工具则可能挂钩曲线上的不同期限。

  这里的关键点在于:即便美联储现在选择激进降息,也无法保证那些真正影响实体经济的利率就会同步下降。因此,即便采取行动,在短期内也未必能对实体经济产生实质性拉动。

  就理论而言,美联储确实有一套可以“机械性”压低所有利率的工具,即所谓的“收益率曲线控制”。美联储可以直接进入市场,依靠其几乎无上限的资产负债表,宣布买入所有收益率高于3%的美债。这么做的确可以让市场利率压下来。

  但问题是,现在市场“集体智慧”给出的信号是:为了兑现美联储在通胀方面的承诺,3%的利率还远远不够,至少要平均达到4.3822%。所以,如果美联储真的这么做,市场将会解读为它放弃了控制通胀的承诺,从而导致美元显著贬值。

  这背后的逻辑其实很简单。当前,美联储对持有美元的人做出的“承诺”是:你用美元购买的商品和服务每年最多只涨价2%。这听起来很抽象,但值得停下来仔细想一想。人们总说美元不再“锚定”任何东西,其实并不准确。美元现在“锚定”的是一篮子商品。长期以来,由于美国政策制定者做得相当不错,这一篮子商品的价格每年只略微上涨。一些人甚至觉得2%的通胀已经太高,但不管怎样,这就是当前美元持有者与联储之间的“隐性契约”。如果美联储突然在实际行动中(哪怕是间接地)承认,这一篮子商品未来每年的涨价幅度将高于2%,那么美元将会显著贬值。

  学者BrunoHöfig、IderleyColombini和LeonardoPaesMüller曾写道,从历史演变来看,美国货币政策的框架已从“金本位”演变成他们所说的“价格指数本位”。过去,美元可以兑换黄金;现在,它“兑换”的是由CPI或PCE这类价格指数所衡量的一篮子商品与服务。

  你可能会说,这其实也没什么新鲜的。毕竟过去几年我们已经看到,美联储在实现通胀目标方面严重偏离了轨道。难道央行不是早就“违约”了吗?

  换个比喻来解释也许更直观。我个人特别讨厌那种约饭迟到的人,真的会让我抓狂。但迟到的原因其实有很多种。如果是因为地铁坏了,那我也不能怪他们。如果是地铁坐错了方向,那我可能会觉得这人有点不靠谱,但也不至于立刻翻脸。不过,如果他迟到的原因只是因为“觉得守时不重要”,那就说明他根本不尊重你,而你可能也不想再当他朋友了。

  2022年,美元对一篮子商品和服务的购买力大幅下滑,但对一篮子其他货币却显著升值。市场给出的判断是——要么地铁坏了,要么美联储搭错了车。那是一个非常混乱的时期,美联储低估了供应链受冲击的规模和财政扩张的影响。但说到底,全球几乎所有央行都犯了同样的错,所以你知道,不会因为这事就“跟美联储分手”。况且,美联储非常重视沟通,甚至可以说有点“话痨”。你能实时知道他们在想什么,美联储并没有“已读不回”。

  但如果今天只是因为“总统想要”就随意压低利率,从而让通胀重新抬头,那就是另一回事了。这相当于对全球美元持有者发出了一个信息:美联储并不把“准时赴约”当回事。

  周一和MartinWolf一起录播客时提到一个观点:即便是在1971年之前,美国其实也不算是真正意义上的金本位。我认为这个说法是对的。美国实行的,更像是一种“承诺以黄金兑换美元”的本位制度。中间还有一个重要的环节,那就是建立在法治、规范基础上的承诺——你拿着美元来,美国政府会兑现它,给你黄金。今天的“价格指数本位”其实也是一样。并没有哪条法律写明“美元每年最多只能贬值2%”,但持有美元的人相信美联储是一个严肃、守诺的机构。如果美联储变成一个对总统唯命是从的机构,那这一信任基础将遭到根本性破坏。

  “特朗普2.0政府”的种种作为其实是对政治规范和制度架构的系统性挑战。在遣返移民等问题上,美国正在面临宪政结构和三权分立理念的严重危机。这或许会对美国体制造成长期伤害,但在短期内,政府的确能“赢”一把:特朗普想让一些人离开美国,他们就真的被送走了。

  但要是换成美联储这样的机构,连这种“短期胜利”都很难看到,经济变好根本无从谈起。

 新闻结尾 有没有很色的小说 - 带你领略不一样的视听盛宴,快来体验吧!的相关文章
北京国安6-1战胜山东泰山
“康复训练型”机器人跑半马
特斯拉销售称全周无休仍卖不出车
4月20日3时56分谷雨
美联储主席鲍威尔否认美联储会救市,称特朗普对等关税超过了美联储的设想情境,还有哪些信息值得关注?
假如周杰伦的专辑发布时间倒置一下,结果会如何?
  • 友情链接:
  • 赵勇出任中国女排主教练 4 月 18 日澳门世界杯男单 1/4 决赛,林诗栋 4-0 莫雷加德,如何评价本场比赛? 刘宪华《Trap》舞台燃炸

    查看更多评价 ∨